A History of Chile, the Pacific, and the World
Faculty:
Raymond Craib, the Marie Underhill Noll Professor of American History
The England of South America. A South American exception. The Republic of Poetry. Birthplace of neoliberal shock therapy. The descriptions for and of Chile abound. This course simultaneously reveals how those descriptions arose as well as the truths and the falsehoods they contain. Beginning with Chile’s independence from Spain in the early 19th century, we will be especially interested in Chile’s connections to a wider Pacific world. Did you know Chilean miners were some of the first to arrive in California’s gold fields in the 1840s, bringing with them biota and knowledge that would transform California’s future? That Chilean ships forcibly brought Pacific islanders to the country to labor in the 1860s? That Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe is based on the history of Alexander Selkirk, a castaway on the Chilean island of Juan Fernández?
We will in addition explore how closely Chile’s history is intertwined with that of Britain and the US. British capital dominated in the 19th century, from mining in the north to ranching in the far south. U.S. economic and political interests in the 20th century, meanwhile, spurred successful efforts to foment a coup d’etat in 1973 that saw the overthrow of the western hemisphere’s first democratically elected Marxist president. In the wake of the coup, Chile would become an economics laboratory for Milton Friedman and his Chicago Boys to experiment with what would soon become labeled ‘neoliberalism.’ Tens of thousands of Chileans went into exile in Venezuela, Sweden, the Netherlands, Spain... and Ithaca, New York. Even as we meet in the classroom, that neoliberal experiment is being undone in Chile as a result of two decades of social mobilizations by young and old alike. It is a remarkable moment in which to take stock of Chile’s history, present, and future.