{"id":9965,"date":"2022-07-29T09:32:33","date_gmt":"2022-07-29T13:32:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/?p=9965"},"modified":"2022-11-07T16:11:03","modified_gmt":"2022-11-07T21:11:03","slug":"cornell-notes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/cornell-notes\/","title":{"rendered":"Take Note: Popular Study Method has \u2018Cornell\u2019 Written All Over It"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">University has embraced prof\u2019s \u201950s-era system as a key resource<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By <strong>Joe Wilensky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">Have you ever heard of Cornell Notes? And no\u2014it\u2019s not a new <em>a cappella<\/em> group on the Hill. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Officially called the Cornell Note-Taking System, it was a study tool developed by longtime education professor Walter Pauk, PhD \u201955. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pauk devised his technique, also known as the Cornell Method or the Cornell Way, in the 1950s as a TA on the Hill.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-819x1024.jpg\" alt=\"Professor Walter Pauk, PhD \u201955\" class=\"wp-image-9962 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-768x960.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-632x790.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-316x395.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-280x350.jpg 280w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-140x175.jpg 140w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-70x87.jpg 70w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-400x500.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-200x250.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B-100x125.jpg 100w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/Faculty_portrait_iPhone_shot_0256-B.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption>Starting in the \u201950s, Pauk created college prep summer programs on the Hill for high schoolers. <em>(Photo by Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>It gained national popularity when he promoted it in his 1962 book, <em>How to Study in College<\/em>\u2014which remains in print, in its 11th edition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(The father of two Cornellians, Pauk retired from the University in 1978 and passed away just three years ago\u2014at the age of 105.\u00ad)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His system divides each notebook page into two unequal columns with a third, \u201csummary\u201d section across the bottom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Students, whether attending a lecture or reading, record their notes and abbreviated facts in the wider right-hand column. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Questions prompted by the material go on the left side\u2014usually written afterward, but when the information is still fresh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAs you\u2019re taking notes, keep the cue column empty,\u201d Pauk wrote. \u201cBut when you review and recite what you\u2019ve jotted down, draw questions from the ideas in your notes and write them in the cue column. Writing questions helps clarify meanings, reveal relationships, establish continuity, and strengthen memory.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Students reflect on their own prompts and questions, which they connect to the facts on the right; they then summarize the lecture or chapter at the bottom. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Writing questions helps clarify meanings, reveal relationships, establish continuity, and strengthen memory.<\/p><cite>Professor <strong>Walter Pauk, PhD \u201955<\/strong>, in <em>How to Study in College<\/em><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>That aids understanding of the concepts, increases information retention, and informs later study.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe utility and longevity of this system are due to the fact that it gets students to be active while taking notes,\u201d explains Jen Bokaer-Smith, MS \u201997, senior associate director of Cornell\u2019s Learning Strategies Center, the University\u2019s academic support unit for undergraduates. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To underscore the technique\u2019s benefits, Bokaer-Smith likes to use the analogy of a TV courtroom drama, in which a stenographer records the proceedings while lawyers analyze the facts and legal concepts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cTo be really successful and engaged, students need to capture the information that a professor says, think about it, and analyze it,\u201d she says. \u201cIt forces them to operate at multiple metacognitive levels.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1018\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-1024x1018.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration showing the basics of the Cornell Note-Taking System\" class=\"wp-image-9963\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-1024x1018.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-300x298.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-768x764.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-632x629.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-316x314.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-400x398.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-200x199.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d-100x99.jpg 100w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/CornellNotes-Notepad2d.jpg 1086w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>As a \u201cstructured notes\u201d system, the Cornell method provides a framework for recording facts and concepts and encourages self-testing. <em>(Illustration by Cornell University)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Cornell Notes is just part of Pauk\u2019s long legacy on the Hill. In addition to teaching, he served as the University\u2019s reading and study skills center director.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1958, he created the High School Reading Improvement Program, which brought juniors and seniors to campus for several weeks in summer to help prep them for college by boosting their study skills. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(The program evolved into today\u2019s Cornell Precollege Studies program in the School of Continuing Education and Summer Sessions.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But Cornell Notes remains his most prominent legacy\u2014and for decades, Pauk\u2019s system has been popular across subject areas. It\u2019s used by students in high school, college, and beyond, with free templates available online. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The technique remains flexible and adaptable, Bokaer-Smith says, and is just as useful today for online study and with e-textbooks. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a 2021 <a href=\"https:\/\/styluspub.presswarehouse.com\/browse\/book\/9781642671612\/Teaching-Gradually\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">teaching guide<\/a> offering insights \u201cby grad students, for grad students,\u201d two Cornellians studying psychology (doctoral candidate Julia Nolte, MA \u201920, and Hamid Turker, PhD \u201922, now a postdoc on the Hill) contributed a section about Cornell Notes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote alignwide\"><blockquote><p>Pauk\u2019s system is used by students in high school, college, and beyond.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Nolte\u2014who plans to use the system in her fall 2022 class on aging and the media\u2014says it has several key advantages, including its templates and organizational approach. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe summary section at the bottom prompts note-takers to formulate the gist of what they learned in their own words,\u201d Nolte says, pointing out that paraphrasing material covered in class can help students improve their understanding and performance on tests.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recently, the Learning Strategies Center produced its own <a href=\"https:\/\/lsc.cornell.edu\/how-to-study\/taking-notes\/cornell-note-taking-system\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">content about Cornell Notes<\/a>, promoting the system\u2019s use in modern learning environments. The site offers instructional videos and a publicly available course; hundreds of thousands of users (about half in the U.S. and half around the globe) have watched and downloaded the materials, she says.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI had been thinking for years that some of the best resources about the Cornell Note-Taking System were from outside Cornell\u2014and that just seemed silly to me,\u201d Bokaer-Smith says. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThis was invented and developed here, even though it&#8217;s pretty broadly used now. So let\u2019s make our information really great, so we\u2019re <em>the<\/em> place people around the world go to learn about it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Top image: Illustration by Cornell University<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Published July 29, 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator aligncenter\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>University has embraced prof\u2019s \u201950s-era system as a key resource<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":67,"featured_media":9964,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"alumni_hub_syml_posts":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[224],"tags":[],"cornell_year_post":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cornelliana"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Take Note: Popular Study Method has \u2018Cornell\u2019 Written All Over It - 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