{"id":9795,"date":"2022-07-21T09:21:11","date_gmt":"2022-07-21T13:21:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/?p=9795"},"modified":"2022-07-21T09:34:53","modified_gmt":"2022-07-21T13:34:53","slug":"gore-wildlife-crime","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/gore-wildlife-crime\/","title":{"rendered":"Doctoral Grad Is a Leading Researcher of Wildlife Crime"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">Meredith Gore, PhD \u201906, travels the world to study the people behind the illegal trade in fauna and flora<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By <strong>Beth Saulnier<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">It\u2019s a thorny, intertwined problem that threatens people, animals, and possibly even global health. In parts of Africa, poachers who kill elephants for their tusks sometimes lace the carcasses with agricultural chemicals\u2014with the aim of poisoning the vultures that feed on them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Why? Because their circling can alert authorities to the poacher\u2019s crimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Later, other people may come along and harvest the dead birds\u2019 heads, feet, and wings, selling them in cities for use in traditional medicine and spiritual practices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And as if the prospect of people consuming poisoned vulture parts weren\u2019t worrisome enough: the birds could potentially serve as vectors for anthrax to move from rural to urban areas, and from animals to humans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That could drive the spread of zoonotic diseases, or even provide the source for a deadly bioweapon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Studying this complex and tragic situation\u2014under a five-year, $5 million grant from the U.S. Department of Defense beginning in early 2023\u2014is just one of the projects that <a href=\"https:\/\/geog.umd.edu\/facultyprofile\/gore\/meredith\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Meredith Gore, PhD \u201906<\/a>, has on her plate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Shelves of rhino skulls\" class=\"wp-image-9655\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-608x342.jpg 608w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-304x171.jpg 304w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-152x85.jpg 152w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-1184x666.jpg 1184w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-592x333.jpg 592w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-296x166.jpg 296w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-1264x711.jpg 1264w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-632x356.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-316x178.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A-100x56.jpg 100w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_7048-A.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>Rangers in South Africa piled skulls of rhinos\u2014all illegally killed for their horns\u2014outside their station.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>A social scientist who earned her doctorate in natural resources on the Hill, Gore\u2014now an associate professor of geographical sciences at the University of Maryland, College Park\u2014is one of the few researchers worldwide who focuses on wildlife crime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition to the major project on elephants and vultures in South Africa and Mozambique, Gore is studying such topics as sea cucumber trafficking in Mexico, poaching of sambar deer in Vietnam, and illegal logging in Madagascar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere&#8217;s no ecosystem, country, or human group that&#8217;s not impacted,\u201d she says of wildlife crime. \u201cIt&#8217;s everywhere.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>There\u2019s no ecosystem, country, or human group that\u2019s not impacted. It\u2019s everywhere.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>But as Gore stresses, her work primarily involves studying creatures of the two-legged variety\u2014the ones whose needs and habits so heavily impact the rest of the planet and its inhabitants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI say that humans are my species; I\u2019m trying to understand different groups of people and how they operate,\u201d she says. \u201cI&#8217;m an expert in the human dimensions of global environmental change\u2014I just study <em>illegal<\/em> global environmental change.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile is-style-offset\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"819\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-819x1024.jpg\" alt=\"A critically endangered diademed sifaka lemur\" class=\"wp-image-9656 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-819x1024.jpg 819w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-768x960.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-632x790.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-316x395.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-280x350.jpg 280w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-140x175.jpg 140w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-70x87.jpg 70w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-400x500.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-200x250.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A-100x125.jpg 100w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_9430-A.jpg 1260w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 819px) 100vw, 819px\" \/><figcaption>A critically endangered diademed sifaka lemur in Madagascar. The species faces the threat of extinction due to illegal logging and poaching.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>Gore traces her passion for exploring how humans impact wildlife to her doctoral dissertation in CALS, where she studied conflicts between people and black bears in New York State.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As her advisor\u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/cals.cornell.edu\/barbara-knuth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Barbara Knuth<\/a>, a professor of natural resource policy\u2014notes, it was an early example of Gore\u2019s gifts both for conducting top-flight research and effecting positive change. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As part of her doctoral work, Gore collaborated with environmental groups, civic associations, and state wildlife managers to identify and promote ways that humans could alter their behavior to reduce negative interactions with bears.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cShe had the ability to not only address the academics and think about what she needed to do for her dissertation,\u201d says Knuth, \u201cbut also have a distinct and positive impact in the community.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gore is the editor of her field\u2019s seminal textbook: <em>Conservation Criminology<\/em>, published in 2017. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>She also co-edited the spring 2022 book <em>Women and Wildlife Trafficking<\/em>, which explores the particular role that women can have as (in the words of the subtitle) \u201cparticipants, perpetrators, and victims.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote is-style-default has-cornell-dark-gray-color has-text-color\"><blockquote class=\"has-text-color has-cornell-dark-gray-color\"><p>Gore is the editor of her field\u2019s seminal textbook: &#8216;<em>Conservation Criminology<\/em>,&#8217; published in 2017. <\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe work she&#8217;s doing in wildlife crime is not just targeted to \u2018How do you stop the offenders from offending?\u2019 but, \u2018What are the underlying social conditions?\u2019\u201d Knuth observes. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt gets into issues of equity and inequity\u2014like, \u2018How does food insecurity contribute to illegal harvest?\u2019 Addressing them will certainly help with biodiversity conservation, but also with a number of social issues.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While Gore spends a fair amount of her professional life traveling the globe, she\u2019s in the midst of a notable, first-of-its-kind program that\u2019s based in the U.S.: a pilot project, in collaboration with the Department of Justice and the Fish and Wildlife Service, devoted to restorative justice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Meredith on a helicopter-based patrol with wildlife rangers\" class=\"wp-image-9654\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-608x342.jpg 608w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-304x171.jpg 304w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-152x85.jpg 152w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-1184x666.jpg 1184w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-592x333.jpg 592w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-296x166.jpg 296w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-1264x711.jpg 1264w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-632x356.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-316x178.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/07\/IMG_0130-A-100x56.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>On a helicopter with wildlife rangers in Mozambique, as they patrol a perimeter fence designed to keep rhinos in\u2014and poachers out.<br><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The project allows people who have been convicted of wildlife trafficking\u2014participants include smugglers of scorpions and turtles\u2014to satisfy part of their parole obligations by helping Gore collect data on relevant supply chains, which will aid future prevention efforts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt&#8217;s turning traffickers into teachers; they&#8217;re teaching me about all these things that, as a researcher, I&#8217;ll never be able to see,\u201d she says. \u201cIt&#8217;s an opportunity for them to give back\u2014to bring a different kind of justice to nonhuman animals and to nature.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Top image: Illustration by Cornell University; its source photo and all others in this story provided.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Published July 21, 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Meredith Gore, PhD \u201906, travels the world to study the people behind the illegal trade in fauna and flora<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":9691,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"alumni_hub_syml_posts":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[229],"tags":[],"cornell_year_post":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-9795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alumni"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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