{"id":68579,"date":"2026-03-16T10:54:17","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T14:54:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/?p=68579"},"modified":"2026-03-20T14:52:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-20T18:52:45","slug":"hazard-women-vote","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/hazard-women-vote\/","title":{"rendered":"How One Female Prof Helped Prepare Women for the Vote"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size\">When New York State passed its suffrage bill in 1917, the University was ready to educate the newly enfranchised citizens<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By <strong>Corey Ryan Earle \u201907<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide has-media-on-the-right is-stacked-on-mobile\"><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">Decades before labor relations and women\u2019s studies were formal academic disciplines, pioneering faculty member Blanche Hazard was weaving these topics into Cornell\u2019s new home economics curriculum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And when women\u2019s suffrage became a reality in New York, she made sure that the University prepared women\u2014both on- and off-campus\u2014for their new responsibilities as voting citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazard joined the Department of Home Economics in 1914 at the invitation of pioneers Martha Van Rensselaer and Flora Rose\u2014the first women to hold professorships at Cornell. <\/p>\n<\/div><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"788\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-788x1024.jpg\" alt=\"An illustration of Corey Earle with the title Storytime with Corey\" class=\"wp-image-31441 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-788x1024.jpg 788w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-231x300.jpg 231w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-768x998.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-1181x1536.jpg 1181w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-1575x2048.jpg 1575w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-1215x1580.jpg 1215w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-608x790.jpg 608w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-304x395.jpg 304w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-385x500.jpg 385w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-192x250.jpg 192w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-96x125.jpg 96w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2024\/02\/Cornellians_Corey_Illustration_v5-scaled.jpg 1969w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 788px) 100vw, 788px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>She became only the second woman on the faculty to hold an advanced degree, after Rose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Educated as an economic historian at the Society for the Collegiate Instruction of Women, or \u201cHarvard Annex\u201d\u2014before it became Radcliffe College and offered degrees\u2014Hazard began her career as a history teacher.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Once women could receive degrees, she completed her bachelor\u2019s in history and government in 1907 at age 36 and earned a master\u2019s six years later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"443\" height=\"554\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A.jpg\" alt=\"Prof. Blanche Hazard\" class=\"wp-image-68721 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A.jpg 443w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-316x395.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-280x350.jpg 280w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-140x175.jpg 140w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-70x87.jpg 70w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-400x500.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-200x250.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Blanche_Hazard_crop_from_1914_faculty_RMC-A-100x125.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 443px) 100vw, 443px\" \/><figcaption>Prof. Blanche Hazard.<\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>When Hazard arrived at on the Hill, the battle over women professors was still fresh, and those teaching home economics were cautioned to avoid attending University faculty meetings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In a 1916 faculty photo, she stands with just two other women\u2014amid a sea of more than 180 men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazard\u2019s first Cornell class, co-taught with Van Rensselaer, was \u201cWoman and the Family,\u201d which combined history, sociology, and economics.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In her second year, she added a \u201cWoman in Industry\u201d course; focused on female occupations and labor conditions, it included field trips to regional businesses like a shoe factory, a mill, and a canning company.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When New York voted in favor of women\u2019s suffrage in November 1917\u2014the first state east of the Mississippi to do so\u2014Hazard urged the department to play a leadership role in civics education, asking Van Rensselaer three key questions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote alignwide is-style-solid-color\"><blockquote><p>When Hazard arrived at on the Hill, the battle over women professors was still fresh, and those teaching home economics were cautioned to avoid attending University faculty meetings.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHow shall the New York housekeeper [homemaker] know about her new political duties?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHow can our home economics department help her to vote intelligently?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cCan we give a course to our students to prepare them, when they go out as county agents or extension workers, to use the opportunities they meet for influencing and teaching women as voters?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-1024x667.jpg\" alt=\"A group of Cornell University faculty in 1916; it is entirely male except for three women.\" class=\"wp-image-68720\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-1024x667.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-300x195.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-768x500.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-1536x1000.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-1264x823.jpg 1264w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-632x412.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-316x206.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-400x261.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-200x130.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A-100x65.jpg 100w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/1916_faculty_large-A.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A 1916 faculty photo includes only three women.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazard\u2019s solution was authoring <em>Civic Duties of Women<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Published in 1918, the 45-page bulletin was distributed to thousands of New Yorkers as part of the Cornell Reading Course for the Farm Home, an extension program aimed at rural women that Van Rensselaer had launched in 1901.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The pamphlet outlined federal, state, and local civics\u2014with lessons on elections, taxes, school systems, international trade, and poverty, as well as recommended books for community civics libraries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-pullquote alignwide is-style-solid-color\"><blockquote><p>Published in 1918, the 45-page bulletin <em>Civic Duties of Women<\/em> was distributed to thousands of New Yorkers as part of the Cornell Reading Course for the Farm Home.<\/p><\/blockquote><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>As the 19th Amendment moved toward ratification in 1919, Hazard wrote with pride:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cOur department did pioneer emergency work through its staff and the extension agents when the right to vote was first suddenly put into the lives of NY State women, knowing, as we did, that the average farm woman had not had access to many suffragist or political speeches or books and would want to be and need to be an intelligent voter [and] worker in public life.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"A vintage view of Comstock Hall\" class=\"wp-image-68722\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-800x450.jpg 800w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-608x342.jpg 608w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-304x171.jpg 304w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-152x85.jpg 152w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-1184x666.jpg 1184w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-592x333.jpg 592w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-296x166.jpg 296w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-1264x711.jpg 1264w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-632x356.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-316x178.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-400x225.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-200x113.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A-100x56.jpg 100w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/Comstock_Hall_RMC2010_0011-A.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Home economics was first housed in what&#8217;s now the Computing and Communications Center.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>As Hazard noted, she\u2019d made sure the bulletin had \u201cno suffragist echo nor any partisan note in it.\u201d And this came in spite of her personal beliefs: at a campus suffrage rally, she\u2019d declared that \u201cWoman has entered the economic and social world; why should she be kept out of the political world?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1919, Hazard launched \u201cWoman and the State,\u201d a new course aimed at preparing female voters that included a field trip to the state capital in Albany.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Woman has entered the economic and social world; why should she be kept out of the political world?<\/p>\n<cite><strong>Prof. Blanche Hazard<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>Meanwhile, she continued her own scholarship, completing a PhD thesis through Radcliffe on the economic history of the Massachusetts boot and shoe industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although she never took the requisite exams to complete the degree, her dissertation became the first book by a woman to be published by Harvard University Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazard was one of 21 members (and two women) on an influential National Education Association committee whose 1916 report popularized the term \u201csocial studies\u201d and created the field\u2019s foundational curriculum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"703\" src=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-1024x703.jpg\" alt=\"A women's suffrage parade in NYC in 1915\" class=\"wp-image-68725\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-1024x703.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-768x528.jpg 768w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-1536x1055.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-1264x868.jpg 1264w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-632x434.jpg 632w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-316x217.jpg 316w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-400x275.jpg 400w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-200x137.jpg 200w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B-100x69.jpg 100w, https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2026\/03\/suffrage_1915_parade_REX060_014-B.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A 1915 women&#8217;s suffrage parade in NYC.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>While Hazard\u2019s time at Cornell was brief\u2014she married and departed in 1921\u2014her legacy is enduring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through innovative courses and outreach, she brought progressive ideas into the classroom and prepared a generation of women for a widening array of careers as engaged citizens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hazard helped lay the groundwork for Human Ecology\u2019s commitment to public impact and anticipated the ILR School\u2019s focus on work and the workplace\u2014teaching courses that may have felt right at home a half-century later, when Cornell founded the second women\u2019s studies program in the country.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-cornell-red-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8c1dcbb709d16db9f474669faae5a05e\"><em>An expert on Big Red lore, Corey Ryan Earle \u201907 teaches \u201cThe First American University,\u201d a wildly popular spring semester course on Cornell history.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Top: The home economics faculty in 1918\u201319. (All images courtesy of Rare and Manuscript Collections.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Published March 16, 2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When New York State passed its suffrage bill in 1917, the University was ready to educate the newly enfranchised citizens<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":68,"featured_media":68723,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"alumni_hub_syml_posts":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[657],"tags":[],"cornell_year_post":[],"post_folder":[],"class_list":["post-68579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-storytime-with-corey"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How One Female Prof Helped Prepare Women for the Vote - Cornellians | Cornell University<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When New York State passed its suffrage bill in 1917, the University was ready to educate the newly enfranchised citizens\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/hazard-women-vote\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How One Female Prof Helped Prepare Women for the Vote - 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