{"id":24683,"date":"2023-08-11T04:42:00","date_gmt":"2023-08-11T08:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/?p=24683"},"modified":"2023-08-11T10:09:31","modified_gmt":"2023-08-11T14:09:31","slug":"laundry-tips","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alumni.cornell.edu\/cornellians\/laundry-tips\/","title":{"rendered":"Laundry Putting You Through the Wringer? Apparel Expert Has Tips"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A Human Ecology prof and alum weighs in on sorting, the downside of fabric softener\u2014and why you\u2019re using too much detergent<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Beth Saulnier<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

For a lot of us, laundry is the weekly chore we love to hate. It just keeps piling up, day after day\u2014but if we avoid it, we\u2019re eventually going to run out of clean underwear. In the hope of making the process easier and more effective, <\/em>Cornellians asked <\/em>Fran Holmes Kozen \u201972, MS \u201977<\/em><\/a>, to take us for a spin (cycle) with Laundry 101.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A senior lecturer in Fiber Science & Apparel Design in the College of Human Ecology (where she earned two degrees and also serves as director of undergraduate studies), Kozen is occasionally tapped to explain clothing-related issues in the national media. <\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

\"Prof.<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Let\u2019s get right to it: do we really need to sort our laundry?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

People living alone often don\u2019t have enough that they want to separate it, but yes\u2014sorting is a good idea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We\u2019re very sorry to hear that. OK, how?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Obviously, color is a good place to start; until something dark has been washed multiple times, I wouldn\u2019t wash it with light colors. If something is extremely dirty\u2014say, you\u2019ve been gardening or working on your car\u2014it should be washed separately. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

You may want to separate lighter-weight items, like underwear, from heavier ones, so you can use different washing and drying cycles. I always separate out towels and sheets and do them on a longer cycle; also, towels can leave lint on your clothing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"a
Be advised: dyes in dark colors like jeans could rub off on the wearer if they\u2019re not washed first.<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\n

Is it true that we tend to use too much detergent?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Absolutely. People may think \u201cthe more the better.\u201d But in fact, it\u2019ll build up on your clothes, and your machine will run extra rinse cycles trying to get rid of it. You\u2019ll end up with detergent left on the clothes\u2014and over time, whites can turn grayish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What\u2019s better: powders, liquids, or pods?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I prefer liquid because it dissolves more easily. Pods are designed for a certain size laundry load; with liquid, you can adjust according to the size of your load.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many detergents today are enzyme-based and labeled for use in cold water, which saves energy. Does that work just as well?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

First off, \u201ccold\u201d is a relative term; in Ithaca, our cold water is colder in the winter than the summer. I do find it\u2019s a lot more difficult to get stains out in cold, even if I pretreat. So I usually use warm on something stained. On whites and lights, I use warm, and occasionally even hot.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

How much fabric softener should we be using?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I don\u2019t use it at all. You don\u2019t need it, because tumbling in a dryer will soften things. And you especially don\u2019t want to use fabric softener on towels; you end up with a coating that builds up over time, and they won\u2019t absorb as well. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also, care tags on moisture-wicking clothing for athletes will often say not to use it; the same kind of residue could build up and reduce its effectiveness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

I do find it\u2019s a lot more difficult to get stains out in cold, even if I pretreat.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

What about reducing static cling?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I prefer dryer sheets for that\u2014but I find that if I dry at low temperature, I don\u2019t have much problem with static.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do stain sprays really work\u2014like, if you drop something greasy on your shirt and it\u2019s a while until laundry day?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Generally, if something is stained you should wash it as soon as you can, but pretreatment can help. It will loosen up the stain so it\u2019s not so embedded into the fibers and it won\u2019t set as much.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"a
Good news: wool sweaters can often be washed by hand rather than dry cleaned.<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\n

What about those \u201coxygen bleaches\u201d? Do they do anything?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

They certainly do for pre-soak. It\u2019s a great idea to pre-soak stained or really dirty items; you can pre-soak the whole thing or pre-treat particular spots. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

And oxygen bleaches are much milder than chlorine bleach. We use them in the Cornell Fashion + Textile Collection<\/a> for brightening up, say, old cottons and linens that have yellowed with age. They\u2019re fairly gentle but effective.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Overall, is it better to line-dry clothes rather than use a dryer?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The biggest reason for line drying is sustainability: it\u2019s energy efficient. Some people don\u2019t like the fact that things like towels and jeans are stiff if they\u2019ve been line-dried. Others feel that if you hang white clothes in the sun, it will keep them bright. Some fibers, like silk, you don\u2019t want to hang out for long, because ultraviolet rays will damage them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So many clothes say \u201cdry clean only\u201d; do we always need to follow that?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s tricky. Sometimes I\u2019ll see something that\u2019s all polyester and think, \u201cWhy does it say \u2018dry clean\u2019?\u201d Well, it\u2019s because they didn\u2019t do any testing, and they want to make sure nobody complains and they don\u2019t get returns. Companies are not obliged to put all possible care instructions on a tag, so they protect themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

The biggest reason for line drying is sustainability: it\u2019s energy efficient.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

What are some things it\u2019s OK not to dry clean?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Most wool sweaters can be hand-washed and dried flat. A lot of silk things can be hand-washed, but it depends on the dye. Say it has a floral print; I\u2019d be cautious, because you don\u2019t know how colorfast the dyes are, and they can bleed from one area to another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why have the care-and-content tags on garments gotten so long and complex?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Different countries have different regulations and symbols. Most brands are global now, so they have instructions for multiple countries and in multiple languages. In Europe, care tags often only have symbols; most U.S. brands use text. It may be microscopic, but Americans haven\u2019t done well at memorizing the symbols.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

What\u2019s up with those giant, itchy tags, anyway?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manufacturers would love to get rid of them. They have to be printed and sewn in during the assembly process, so they\u2019re expensive\u2014and of course, consumers complain about them. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The American Apparel & Footwear Association is lobbying to be allowed to use digital labels; you\u2019d read a QR code to get information on fiber type, manufacture, and care. That sounds efficient for somebody who\u2019s glued to their cell phone\u2014but a lot of people still don\u2019t want to use their phone in the laundry room.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"A
Beware of colors on silk that could bleed.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Speaking of new clothes, is OK to wear them without laundering first?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tags in things like jeans will often say \u201cwash before wearing,\u201d because excess dye may rub off. And if you buy something in a store, you have no idea who else has tried it on; even if you order online, it could have been returned. An awful lot of people handle garments during production, and you don\u2019t know about cleanliness. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Also sometimes there\u2019s \u201csizing,\u201d which is essentially starch put on for the finishing process, or other chemicals that could rub off on you. So it\u2019s a good idea to start with a clean slate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In conclusion: given the huge variety of fabrics and cleaning methods, is doing the laundry more of a pain than ever?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It may be a little more confusing. But remember, decades ago, laundry was always hung out to dry, irons had to be heated in the fire, and women had to create their own laundry products. They\u2019d make soaps and starches, use lye, and mix up bluing to keep their whites bright. Basically, they were household chemists.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Top: Illustration by Caitlin Cook \/ Cornell University<\/em>. All photos provided<\/em>; clothing images courtesy of Cornell Fashion + Textile Collection.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Published August 11, 2023<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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